Hacker Public Radio 3d433r

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Second Life is a multiplayer virtual world that allows people to create an avatar for themselves and then interact with other s and -created content within a multi- online environment. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Links Second Life Official Website - https://secondlife.com/ Second Life on Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Linden Lab - https://lindenlab.com/ Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Apologies for not introducing myself in the audio! I struggled a bit to take on this topic at a high enough level to keep it to about a half hour, because every subtopic is nuanced and the details are always technical. Not sure how well it worked out but my intention was to focus mainly on the 2 most common examples - hiding messages in text and in images. Topics I mentioned: encryption vs steganography who uses steganography and for what purpose? hiding text in text hiding data in images using LSB encoding hiding data in other places steganalysis If you want to leave , consider saying whether you think it would be more useful to talk about: using the most popular tools and software detailed look at specific steganographic techniques case studies in the unlikely case that I do a followup episode (I doubt there's a strong interest in this topic) Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. Prerequisites: Novice Ability to read and write. Access to pen and paper. Advanced/Expert Disc bound notebook (if you're cool you'll have one) Title: BIC Soft Feel Retractable Ballpoint Pen, Medium Point (1.0mm) Source(s): https://us.bic.com/en_us/bic-soft-feel-retractable-ball-point-pen-medium-assorted-36-pack.html UPC: 070330196506 Item Number: SCSM361-AST Commercial name: Soft Feel Retractable Ball Pen Retractable pen no-slip grip Tungsten carbide ball 1.0mm medium point Title: BIC Cristal Xtra Smooth Black Ballpoint Pens, Medium Point (1.0mm). Source(s): https://us.bic.com/en_us/bic-cristal-xtra-smooth-black-ballpoint-pens-medium-point-1-0mm-500-count-pack.html UPC: 070330377226 Item Number: MS500E-BLK Commercial name: Cristal Xtra Smooth Ball Pen Cap with pocket clip Tungsten carbide ball 1.0mm medium point Translucent barrel for visible ink supply Title: BIC Round Stic Xtra Comfort Black Ballpoint Pens, Medium Point (1.0mm). Source(s): https://us.bic.com/en_us/bic-round-stic-xtra-comfort-black-ballpoint-pens-144-count-pack.html UPC: 070330377325 Item Number: GSMG144E-BLK Commercial name: Round Stic Grip Xtra Comfort Ball Pen Cap with pocket clip Tungsten carbide ball 1.0mm medium point Title: BIC Round Stic Xtra Life, Ball Point Pen Source(s): https://us.bic.com/en_us/bic-round-stic-xtra-life-ball-point-pen-blue-60-pack.html Cap with pocket clip Tungsten carbide ball 1.0mm medium point Translucent barrel for visible ink supply UPC: 070330131613 Item Number: GSM609DC Commercial name: Round Stic Xtra Life Ball Pen Title: Pilot G2 Pens 0.7 mm Source(s): https://www.target.com/s/pilot+g2+pens Source(s): https://pilotpen.us/Product?0=41&1=47&cid=260 Gel ink Rolling Ball 0.7mm fine point Translucent barrel for visible ink supply Rubber grip Refillable Convenient clip Title: Uniball Signo 207 Source(s): https://www.unibrands.co/collections/207 Gel ink 0.7mm fine point Translucent barrel for visible ink supply Rubber grip Refillable Convenient clip Title: uniball™ Roller, Rollerball Pens. Source(s): https://www.unibrands.co/collections/rollerball-pens/products/roller-rollerball-pens Gel ink 0.7mm fine point Refillable Cap with clip Title: 8.5 x 11 dot grid paper, 100 sheets/200 pages. Source(s): https://www.amazon.com/Unpunched-Refills-Discbound-Notebook-Planner/dp/B08Q3DR7LX?th=1 Title: Bullet Journal® (aka Bujo) is a simple life operating system. Source(s): https://bulletjournal.com/ Source(s): https://youtu.be/fm15cmYU0IM Source(s): https://www.youtube.com/bulletjournal Title: hpr2415 :: bullet journal to org mode Source(s): https://hackerpublicradio.org/eps/hpr2415/index.html Title: Staples 1-Subject Customizable Notebook Source(s): https://www.staples.com/staples-arc-customizable-notebook-6-3-4-x-8-3-4-60-sheets-narrow-ruled-black-20000/product_886234 Title: Pen+Gear Soft Pencil Grip, Assort Color 20 Counts Source(s): https://www.walmart.com/ip/Pen-Gear-Soft-Pencil-Grip-Assort-Color-20-Counts/1214761626 Title: Pen+Gear Silicone Pencil Grip, Multicolor, 6 Count Source(s): https://www.walmart.com/ip/Pen-Gear-Adaptive-Pencil-Grips-Assorted-Colors-6-Count/1663341728 Title: F-301 Retractable Ballpoint Source(s): https://www.zebrapen.com/collections/featured-products/products/f-301-retractable-ballpoint?variant=40832122126542 Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. lilypond opensource music notation software https://lilypond.org/ dombra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dombra Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. New hosts There were no new hosts this month. Last Month's Shows Id Day Date Title Host 4369 Thu 2025-05-01 What LP records do I have? Fred Black 4370 Fri 2025-05-02 Playing Civilization IV, Part 8 Ahuka 4371 Mon 2025-05-05 HPR Community News for April 2025 HPR Volunteers 4372 Tue 2025-05-06 The power of GNU Readline - part 4 Some Guy On The Internet 4373 Wed 2025-05-07 Rsync with stdin as source oxo 4374 Thu 2025-05-08 24-25 New Years Eve show 7 Honkeymagoo 4375 Fri 2025-05-09 Long Chain Carbons,Eggs and Dorodango? operat0r 4376 Mon 2025-05-12 Re-research Lee 4377 Tue 2025-05-13 store and the command Klaatu 4378 Wed 2025-05-14 SQL to get the next_free_slot norrist 4379 Thu 2025-05-15 Mapping Municipalities' Digital Dependencies Trollercoaster 4380 Fri 2025-05-16 Isaac Asimov: The Rest of Asimov's Foundation Stories Ahuka 4381 Mon 2025-05-19 What Omni-Instantness Makes To My Brain and Your Brain? Antoine 4382 Tue 2025-05-20 Understanding Antenna Gain and the Decibel scale Paulj 4383 Wed 2025-05-21 Changing font in Arch Linux (Wayland) oxo 4384 Thu 2025-05-22 Browser and dedicated apps on the mobile phone Henrik Hemrin 4385 Fri 2025-05-23 Cable un-managment lol operat0r 4386 Mon 2025-05-26 Silly Tavern Spicy Roll Play operat0r 4387 Tue 2025-05-27 Did she say she flew light aircraft?! Elsbeth 4388 Wed 2025-05-28 BSD Overview norrist 4389 Thu 2025-05-29 Comments on hpr4373 Rho`n 4390 Fri 2025-05-30 Playing Civilization IV, Part 9 Ahuka Comments this month These are comments which have been made during the past month, either to shows released during the month or to past shows. There are 40 comments in total. Past shows There are 9 comments on 6 previous shows: hpr3511 (2022-01-17) "Podman like Vagrant" by Klaatu. Comment 1: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-16: "It's show time" hpr4036 (2024-01-22) "The Tildeverse" by Claudio Miranda. Comment 2: leeand0 on 2025-05-25: "Another Public Access Unix" Comment 3: leeand0 on 2025-05-25: "Another Public Access Unix" hpr4072 (2024-03-12) "Piper text to speech engine" by Archer72. Comment 1: Archer72 on 2025-05-20: "Voice synthesis" hpr4281 (2024-12-30) "My ridiculously complicated DH setup at home" by Jon The Nice Guy. Comment 2: Windigo on 2025-05-23: "As d" hpr4367 (2025-04-29) "My first episode; 001 Introduction" by oxo. Comment 1: Torin Doyle on 2025-05-09: "Welcome!" Comment 2: archer72 on 2025-05-09: "Welcome. " Comment 3: oxo on 2025-05-30: "Thank you" hpr4368 (2025-04-30) "Lessons learned moderating technical discussion s" by Trixter. Comment 1: Reto on 2025-05-06: "A link to one or more" This month's shows There are 31 comments on 15 of this month's shows: hpr4371 (2025-05-05) "HPR Community News for April 2025" by HPR Volunteers. Comment 1: Paul on 2025-05-05: "mp3 quality " Comment 2: Ken Fallon on 2025-05-05: "Good question !" Comment 3: Henrik Hemrin on 2025-05-08: "Community" hpr4372 (2025-05-06) "The power of GNU Readline - part 4" by Some Guy On The Internet. Comment 1: Torin Doyle on 2025-05-09: "SGOTI is so likeable." Comment 2: Dave Morriss on 2025-05-17: "VI Mode" hpr4373 (2025-05-07) "Rsync with stdin as source" by oxo. Comment 1: Paulj on 2025-05-09: "rsync capabilities" Comment 2: archer72 on 2025-05-09: "Rsync - paulj" Comment 3: Dave Morriss on 2025-05-17: "Enjoyable show!" hpr4374 (2025-05-08) "24-25 New Years Eve show 7" by Honkeymagoo. Comment 1: ClaudioM on 2025-05-08: "Ha! The signoff!" hpr4375 (2025-05-09) "Long Chain Carbons,Eggs and Dorodango?" by operat0r. Comment 1: Torin Doyle on 2025-05-09: "The cruelty of the egg industry." Comment 2: Bob on 2025-05-09: "Free range eggs" Comment 3: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-16: "@Bob, Free range eggs." hpr4376 (2025-05-12) "Re-research" by Lee. Comment 1: paul on 2025-05-12: "sonos play back" Comment 2: Lee on 2025-05-13: "Sonos" Comment 3: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-16: "LLMs in academic research" hpr4377 (2025-05-13) " store and the command" by Klaatu. Comment 1: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-16: "Great show." hpr4379 (2025-05-15) "Mapping Municipalities' Digital Dependencies" by Trollercoaster. Comment 1: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-25: " I agree with the intentions." hpr4380 (2025-05-16) "Isaac Asimov: The Rest of Asimov's Foundation Stories" by Ahuka. Comment 1: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-27: "I'll have a go." hpr4381 (2025-05-19) "What Omni-Instantness Makes To My Brain and Your Brain?" by Antoine. Comment 1: Ken Fallon on 2025-03-19: "Interesting show." Comment 2: Antoine on 2025-03-20: "Nice study =)" Comment 3: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-25: "My two cents." Comment 4: Antoine on 2025-05-29: "Education" hpr4384 (2025-05-22) "Browser and dedicated apps on the mobile phone" by Henrik Hemrin. Comment 1: [email protected] on 2025-05-27: "I agree." hpr4385 (2025-05-23) "Cable un-managment lol" by operat0r. Comment 1: Some Guy on the Internet on 2025-05-27: "It's over 9000!" hpr4387 (2025-05-27) "Did she say she flew light aircraft?!" by Elsbeth. Comment 1: archer72 on 2025-05-18: "Thank you for sharing" Comment 2: KEVIN B OBRIEN on 2025-05-29: "I loved the show" Comment 3: Jim DeVore on 2025-05-31: "Thanks for the inspiration" hpr4388 (2025-05-28) "BSD Overview" by norrist. Comment 1: Dave Morriss on 2025-05-29: "Thanks for this" Comment 2: Jim DeVore on 2025-05-31: "Thank you!" hpr4389 (2025-05-29) "Comments on hpr4373" by Rho`n. Comment 1: oxo on 2025-05-29: "Hi Rho`n" Comment 2: Dave Morriss on 2025-05-29: "Good episode" Mailing List discussions Policy decisions surrounding HPR are taken by the community as a whole. This discussion takes place on the Mailing List which is open to all HPR listeners and contributors. The discussions are open and available on the HPR server under Mailman. The threaded discussions this month can be found here: https://lists.hackerpublicradio.com/pipermail/hpr/2025-May/thread.html Events Calendar With the kind permission of LWN.net we are linking to The LWN.net Community Calendar. Quoting the site: This is the LWN.net community event calendar, where we track events of interest to people using and developing Linux and free software. Clicking on individual events will take you to the appropriate web page. Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. As we saw in the demonstration of the Culture victory, picking the right Wonders to build is an important part of your strategy, so in this episode we conclude our look at Civilization IV by analysing which Wonders to focus on for each Victory type. Links: https://civilization.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_wonders_in_Civ4#Ancient https://www.palain.com/gaming/civilization-iv/playing-civilization-iv-part-9/ Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Synopsis On this episode, Rho`n talks about his experience with the *nix find command and the -print0 option in relation to oxo's experience. He also gives a  brief explanation of the xargs command and its use with find -print0. References: How to Use the xargs Command on Linux xargs(1) — Linux manual page Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Intro How I know BSD Very minimal NetBSD usage I'm am leaving out Dragonfly BSD Previous episodes Several by Claudio Miranda and others - check the tags page. hpr3799 :: My home router history hpr3187 :: Ansible for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol hpr3168 :: FreeBSD Jails and iocage hpr2181 :: Install OpenBSD from Linux using Grub History and Overview https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Berkeley_Software_Distribution The history of the Berkeley Software Distribution began in the 1970s when University of California, Berkeley received a copy of Unix. Professors and students at the university began adding software to the operating system and released it as BSD to select universities. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_BSD_operating_systems Comparisons to Linux Not better or worse, just different. BSD is a direct descendant of the original UNIX Not distributions - Separate projects with separate code bases. Permissive vs Copyleft One Project vs Kernel + land Most Open Source software is available on BSD ports and packages Network Devices and DISKS will have different naming conventions. BE CAREFUL Distinctives FreeBSD Probably most widely used Base OS Commercial products Tightly integrated with ZFS Jails OS for Firewall appliances - PFSense and Opensense OpenBSD Focus on Code Correctness and Security Often First to develop new security methodologies - ASLR and Kernel relinking at boot Home of OpenSSH, ... Base includes Xorg and a minimal Window Manager The Best docs - man pages NetBSD s the most platforms pkgsrc can be used on any UNIX like. How I use BSD Home Router Recently migrated from FreeBSD to OpenBSD Better for the cheap 2.5G network adapters in Ali express firewalls Workstations OpenBSD Dual boot laptop - missing some nice features - Vscode and BT audio OpenBSD for Banking NAS FreeBSD Was physical by migrated to Proxmox VM with direct attached drives Jails for some apps ZFS pools for storage My recommendations Router OpenBSD - Any BSD will work Opensense - similar experience to managing DD-WRT Thinkpads - OpenBSD Other laptops / PC - FreeBSD desktop focus derivative. ghost or midnight Servers/NAS FreeBSD ZFS Jails BSD is worth trying Dual booting is ed but can be tricky if unfamiliar. r Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. In this nostalgic episode, I share my personal experiences riding and flying light aircraft during the 1980s and 1990s. From the hum of a Cessna engine to the grace of a Bonanza slicing through the clouds, it’s a journey through the skies filled with stories of daring, faith, and the wonder of flight. Topics Covered: Light Aircraft Overview General insight into what qualifies as light aircraft and why they’re beloved by private pilots and hobbyists. Light aircraft – Wikipedia Flying in a Cessna Memories of flying in various models of the iconic Cessna—dependable, nimble, and a staple of personal aviation. Cessna – Wikipedia Bonanza Adventures Experiences flying in the Beechcraft Bonanza, known for its sleek design and comfort—especially memorable during cross-country flights. Beechcraft Bonanza – Wikipedia Missionary Aviation Stories Recollections of missionary pilots and their vital roles in reaching remote areas, often relying on small aircraft to deliver aid, supplies, and hope. Missionary aviation – Wikipedia Aviation in the 1980s and 1990s A look back at the culture of general aviation during this era—before GPS was common, when flight was guided more by instinct, skill, and charts on your lap. General aviation – Wikipedia Listen now on your favourite platform and take to the skies with me! Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. https://jamboree.rmccurdy.com Profiles top 100 M/F  https://github.com/freeload101/SCRIPTS/tree/master/NODE (Click the horde tab and use my key) https://agnai.chat/settings?tab=0   https://lite.koboldai.net https://sillytavernai.com says says "SillyTavern is an advanced, locally-deployed interface designed to facilitate deep, interactive role-playing experiences. Built on large language models (LLMs) such as Claude and Gemini , SillyTavern allows s to engage with custom-built characters that they can mold according to their own preferences. The tool was created by Cohee , RossAscends , and the SillyTavern community , evolving from an earlier version of TavernAI. Its core function is to serve as a front-end interface for AI models via API calls, which means it doesn't require s to host complex models themselves." Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. Some tips that I use for cable management, and keeping a track of stuff. Featuring the elusive "charge master 9000 NGX Pro Enterprise Edition". Links https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twist_tie https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweezers Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Recently I had a discussion on Mastodon about mobile phone applications. The other person stated "the web belongs to web browsers". I agreed to it as a general good approach. Some dedicated apps cannot be substituted with the browser, but some can. I do not have so many apps myself, but anyway that statement got me to review a couple of my apps how they works in the Firefox browser. And actually, I could delete three apps and all functions I needed from them can be managed from Firefox. Beside traditional bookmarks, those pages can be pinned to the Firefox start page or placed like a webapp on the mobile screen, so they look like an ordinary app. Using the Firefox browser makes it easier to control the privacy. In addition to what is built into Firefox, I currently also have the two extensions, Privacy Badger and uBlock Origin in my Firefox browser. Beside privacy and in general to be somewhat more in control, this approach also reduces the number of apps to keep updated and reduce storage need. Sometimes apps are necessary of otherwise beneficial. But I think the traditional browser should not be forgotten also on the smart mobile phone. Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. font selection Nerd Fonts - Iconic font aggregator, glyphs/icons collection, & fonts patcher Programming Fonts - Test Drive font installation install font package % yay -Sy $font_package update font database % fc-cache --force --verbose available fonts % fc-list | grep $font_name change font in application configs e.g.: alacritty emacs sway tofi Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Power Measurement and Antenna Gain HPR show by Paulj, May 2025. 1.0 Power expressed in dB (also written as dBW)     Power PdB = 10 . log10P Where P is the power expressed in Watts. 2.0 Power expressed in dBm     Power PdB = 10 . log10P Where P is the power expressed in milliwatts. 1W = 1000mW     Power PdBm = 10 . log101000mW     Power PdBm = 30 dBm     so: 0 dB = 30 dBm 3.0 Power expressed relative to an isotropic antenna - dBi An Isotropic antenna is an theoretical ideal antenna which radiates equally in all directions. Imagine the antenna is at the centre of a sphere, the signal strength at the surface of the sphere is equal at all points. The gain of an isotropic antenna is defined as 1, meaning:      10 dB = 10 dBi 4.0 Power expressed relative to a half wave dipole antenna - dBd The simplest practical antenna is a half wave dipole antenna, where each of the two legs is a quarter wave length long. The feed is at the centre, and the two legs are generally horizontal, and aligned away from the feed point 180 degrees apart. The dipole antenna exhibits gain perpendicular to the legs. The maximum gain is 1.64 times the isotropic antenna - a gain of approximately 2.15dBi. The gain off the ends of the dipole is much lower - the total power radiated by the antenna can not exceed the power being input, so if there is more radiation (gain) in one direction, there must be a corresponding reduction in a different direction. So:      2.15 dBi = 0 dBd 5.0 Effective Radiated Power - ERP and EIRP ERP and EIRP are both used to indicate the power achieved using an antenna.ERP compares the antenna performance with a dipole, and EIRP compares the performance with an isotropic antenna. So, the ERP is the power which would need to be fed into a dipole antenna, to get the same effect in the direction your antenna is pointing. EIRP is the power required for an isotropic antenna to gain equivalence. Practical example: My KX3 can transmit 15W. using the formula above, this is 11.77 dB. If I attach a Yagi-Uda antenna with a gain of 10dB, the ERP is 21.77 dB. Using the formula above, from this number you can calculate that this is the equivalent of 150.3142 Watts ERP. To understand the EIRP, we need to add 2.15 to the 21.77 dB value, giving 23.92 dB EIRP. Again, converting to actual power gives 246.515 Watts EIRP. If you are comparing antennas, make sure the same units are being used in all cases (either EIRP or ERP) - some sellers will use EIRP, because the values are higher! Check your licence conditions. Power output limits are often at the antenna, and don't include antenna gain. You can set your transmitter to output sufficient power to overcome any feed line losses, and present up to the power permitted to the antenna. A good antenna can then be used to get the transmitted power out and across the world. For feedline loses, the value is given in dB per 10 metres. For example, RG58 is 2dB / 10 metres (at 100MHz - choose the right feeder coax for your target frequency!). If you have 15 metres, then you will have 3 dB feeder loss, so half of your transmitter power will be lost in the feed line. If you know this and your transmitter can output more, then you can increase the transmitter power accordingly. So for 25W at the transmitter, with 3dB loss in the feeder, you can set the output to 50W. Some transmit power limits are set in ERP or EIRP, so you will need to calculate back from the antenna to see the maximum allowable transmitter power, to stay within the rules. 6.0 Combining values One result of the use of dB is that you can add the values together to understand the whole system gain. So, with our example above, if we have 11.77 dB of output power, then -1 dB insertion loss for a band filter, -3 dB loss for the feeder, and 5dB gain on the antenna, the overall ERP is 12.77 dB. You can convert this back to Watts, to get 18.92W ERP. 7.0 Links Dipole information Yagi-Uda information Wikipedia information on Decibels Wikipedia information on ERP and EIRP Wikipedia information on Antenna Gain ERP & EIRP calculator from M0UKD Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. PROBLEMS: Infinite feeds Notifications Everything virtual...? I hope the program be conducive to make you think straightly about this; short and long term. Links cited: Alzheimer’s Facts and Figures: https://www.alzra.org/alzheimers/facts-and-figures/ How Exercise Protects Your Brain’s Health: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/exercise-and-brain-health Switching off: Sweden says back-to-basics schooling works on paper: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/11/sweden-says-back-to-basics-schooling-works-on-paper Brazil restricts use of smartphones in elementary and high schools: https://edition.cnn.com/2025/01/13/americas/brazil-restricts-smartphones-in-schools-intl-latam/index.html The Brazilian Classroom: Same same, but very different: https://teachingacrossborders.ucalgaryblogs.ca/the-brazilian-classroom-same-same-but-very-different/ Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Isaac Asimov began with the Foundation series, but then added to it. Early on, he wrote what are called the Empire novels which are prequels to the rise of Trantor. Then he decided to tie his Robot series into his Foundation series. So now we will take a look at these remaining novels. Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactic_Empire_series https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Stars,_Like_Dust https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Currents_of_Space https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble_in_the_Sky https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robots_and_Empire https://www.palain.com/science-fiction/the-golden-age/the-rest-of-asimovs-foundation-story/ Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. In this episode, I discuss my ongoing project aimed at mapping the dependencies municipalities have on major third-party digital services, particularly focusing on Microsoft and Google , given their dominance in the market. The aim of this research isn't about debating the quality of these products—it's assumed that with thousands of employees, these services meet most quality expectations. Instead, the focus is on the critical implications of widespread dependency and potential risks related to service interruptions or supply chain attacks. Why is this important? Supply Chain Attacks : High dependency means higher vulnerability to targeted disruptions. Business Continuity : Significant risks were illustrated by incidents such as the CrowdStrike outage in July 2024 , which forced Brussels Airport back to pencil-and-paper operations temporarily. My Research Approach: Primarily, I analyze the DNS MX records of municipalities: MX records typically reveal if mail services are hosted on Microsoft (Office 365/Exchange Online) or Google (Workspace). A high probability that using these providers for email also means municipalities likely depend on the respective cloud office suite (e.g., Word/Excel/SharePoint or Docs/Sheets/Drive). Preliminary Observations: Belgium, Finland, Netherlands : Over 70% of municipalities rely heavily on Microsoft mail services, a significant warning sign of dependency. , Hungary : Fewer than 5% of municipalities use Microsoft or Google explicitly via MX records, though caution is necessary. Here’s why: Challenges Identified: Local MS Exchange Servers : Municipally hosted local installations aren't externally identifiable via MX records. Mail Proxies : Some municipalities use mail proxy services (spam/phishing filters) obscuring the actual mail service used behind proxy domains. Techniques Tested: SPF Records : Often reveal the underlying email service, though they may contain outdated information, lowering reliability. Telnet EHLO Commands : Municipalities commonly obscure their SMTP headers, limiting usefulness. Cloud Provider IP-Ranges : Investigating if mail servers run on Google, Amazon, or Azure infrastructure. Even if identified, this alone doesn't clarify if proprietary or replaceable services are used. TXT Records : Occasionally contain subscription keys or mail-related settings (e.g., MS subscriptions, Mailjet), but again, could be historical remnants. Unfortunately, none of these get to show me all of the third party services. Community Call: I'm reaching out to listeners and the broader community for ideas or techniques on reliably fingerprinting the actual digital service providers behind mail servers. Specifically: How to accurately determine if servers run Microsoft or Google services ? Any ideas to detect deployments of Nextcloud or similar open-source alternatives? Resources: Project Webpage : jurgen.gaeremyn.be/map.html Source Code : gitlab.com/jurgeng/mxcheck I'm looking forward to all your suggestions in the comments! Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. SQL for find next available Episode Problem https://repo.anhonesthost.net/HPR/hpr_hub/issues/71 We need to get the next_free_slot, and this needs to take into the Eps and reservations table. Eps table contain recorded and ed shows. reservations table reserve episodes that have not been recorded. There are existing queries to find the next free slot, but it does not include reservations. HPR SQL dump - https://hackerpublicradio.org/hpr.sql TLDR Create a list of all episode IDs from eps and reservations tables using SQL UNION the union list + 1 with the IDs from the eps and reservation tables WHERE clause to select rows in the union list +1 that are not in eps and not in reservations Order by and Limit to select the smallest Test Data Test data to make developing query easier. Simpler numbers so it is easier to spot patterns Same table and column names, and store them in a different database. Create the test data tables -- Create eps CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS eps ( id INT, PRIMARY KEY (id) ); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reservations ( ep_num INT, PRIMARY KEY (ep_num) ); Insert the test data -- Inserts INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1001); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1002); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1003); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1004); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1011); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1021); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1031); INSERT INTO eps (id) VALUES (1041); INSERT INTO reservations (ep_num) VALUES (1004); INSERT INTO reservations (ep_num) VALUES (1005); INSERT INTO reservations (ep_num) VALUES (1006); INSERT INTO reservations (ep_num) VALUES (1010); INSERT INTO reservations (ep_num) VALUES (1016); Print the test data tables -- Episodes SELECT e.id as e_id FROM eps e order by e.id; +------+ | e_id | +------+ | 1001 | | 1002 | | 1003 | | 1004 | | 1011 | | 1021 | | 1031 | | 1041 | +------+ SELECT r.ep_num as r_id FROM reservations r; +------+ | r_id | +------+ | 1004 | | 1005 | | 1006 | | 1010 | | 1016 | +------+ Types UNION - combine results of 2 queries INNER - Only records that are in both tables LEFT - All the Results in the Left column and matching results in the Right Test data Examples In the test data, the ID 1004 is in both the episodes and reservations table. This will not occur in the real HPR database, but is useful to how different types work Example queries with INNER , RIGHT , and LEFT s. MariaDB [next_av]> SELECT e.id ,r.ep_num FROM eps e INNER reservations r ON e.id = r.ep_num; +------+--------+ | id | ep_num | +------+--------+ | 1004 | 1004 | +------+--------+ 1 row in set (0.001 sec) MariaDB [next_av]> SELECT e.id ,r.ep_num FROM eps e RIGHT reservations r ON e.id = r.ep_num; +------+--------+ | id | ep_num | +------+--------+ | 1004 | 1004 | | NULL | 1005 | | NULL | 1006 | | NULL | 1010 | | NULL | 1016 | +------+--------+ 5 rows in set (0.001 sec) MariaDB [next_av]> SELECT e.id ,r.ep_num FROM eps e LEFT reservations r ON e.id = r.ep_num; +------+--------+ | id | ep_num | +------+--------+ | 1001 | NULL | | 1002 | NULL | | 1003 | NULL | | 1004 | 1004 | | 1011 | NULL | | 1021 | NULL | | 1031 | NULL | | 1041 | NULL | +------+--------+ 8 rows in set (0.001 sec) Combine episode and reserved IDs Create a single list of IDs from both tables with UNION UNION combines the results of 2 queries SQL as keyword renames query results SELECT id as all_ids FROM eps UNION select ep_num FROM reservations ; +---------+ | all_ids | +---------+ | 1001 | | 1002 | | 1003 | | 1004 | | 1011 | | 1021 | | 1031 | | 1041 | | 1005 | | 1006 | | 1010 | | 1016 | +---------+ tables with the Union Left s Keep everything in the Left column Use the Union of all IDs and with Eps and reservations The SQL will print a table of all the ids the eps and reservation columns will have the id if they match or NULL if there is not a match. select all_ids.id as all_ids ,eps.id as eps_ids , r.ep_num as reserved_ids FROM (SELECT id FROM eps UNION select ep_num FROM reservations) as all_ids LEFT eps ON all_ids.id = eps.id LEFT reservations r ON all_ids.id = r.ep_num ; +---------+---------+--------------+ | all_ids | eps_ids | reserved_ids | +---------+---------+--------------+ | 1001 | 1001 | NULL | | 1002 | 1002 | NULL | | 1003 | 1003 | NULL | | 1004 | 1004 | 1004 | | 1011 | 1011 | NULL | | 1021 | 1021 | NULL | | 1031 | 1031 | NULL | | 1041 | 1041 | NULL | | 1005 | NULL | 1005 | | 1006 | NULL | 1006 | | 1010 | NULL | 1010 | | 1016 | NULL | 1016 | +---------+---------+--------------+ with union plus 1 -- All Results Add an additional column of the union ids +1 the Union plus one list with the episodes and reservations Available episodes will have NULL in the eps and reservations column select all_ids.id as all_ids,all_ids.id+1 as all_ids_plus ,eps.id as eps_ids , r.ep_num as reserved_ids FROM (SELECT id FROM eps UNION select ep_num FROM reservations) as all_ids LEFT eps ON all_ids.id+1 = eps.id LEFT reservations r ON all_ids.id +1 = r.ep_num ORDER BY all_ids ; +---------+--------------+---------+--------------+ | all_ids | all_ids_plus | eps_ids | reserved_ids | +---------+--------------+---------+--------------+ | 1001 | 1002 | 1002 | NULL | | 1002 | 1003 | 1003 | NULL | | 1003 | 1004 | 1004 | 1004 | | 1004 | 1005 | NULL | 1005 | | 1005 | 1006 | NULL | 1006 | | 1006 | 1007 | NULL | NULL | | 1010 | 1011 | 1011 | NULL | | 1011 | 1012 | NULL | NULL | | 1016 | 1017 | NULL | NULL | | 1021 | 1022 | NULL | NULL | | 1031 | 1032 | NULL | NULL | | 1041 | 1042 | NULL | NULL | +---------+--------------+---------+--------------+ Add a WHERE clause Add a where clause to only print rows were eps and reservations are null The smallest number in the +1 column will be the next available select all_ids.id as all_ids,all_ids.id+1 as all_ids_plus ,eps.id as eps_ids , r.ep_num as reserved_ids FROM (SELECT id FROM eps UNION select ep_num FROM reservations) as all_ids LEFT eps ON all_ids.id+1 = eps.id LEFT reservations r ON all_ids.id +1 = r.ep_num WHERE eps.id is Null and r.ep_num is NULL ORDER BY all_ids ; +---------+--------------+---------+--------------+ | all_ids | all_ids_plus | eps_ids | reserved_ids | +---------+--------------+---------+--------------+ | 1006 | 1007 | NULL | NULL | | 1011 | 1012 | NULL | NULL | | 1016 | 1017 | NULL | NULL | | 1021 | 1022 | NULL | NULL | | 1031 | 1032 | NULL | NULL | | 1041 | 1042 | NULL | NULL | +---------+--------------+---------+--------------+ 6 rows in set (0.002 sec) Add a limit and only select the id Sort and select the 1st row select all_ids.id+1 as available_id FROM (SELECT id FROM eps UNION select ep_num FROM reservations) as all_ids LEFT eps ON all_ids.id+1 = eps.id LEFT reservations r ON all_ids.id +1 = r.ep_num WHERE eps.id is Null and r.ep_num is NULL ORDER BY available_id LIMIT 1 ; +--------------+ | available_id | +--------------+ | 1007 | +--------------+ Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Standard UNIX manager management is one of those computing problems you probably don't think about often, because modern computing usually has an obvious default solution built-in. A website prompts you for a , and your browser auto-fills it in for you. Problem solved. However, not all browsers make it very easy to get to your s store, which makes it complex to migrate s to a new system without also migrating the rest of your profile, or to share certain s between different s. There are several good open source options that offer alternatives to the obvious defaults, but as a of Linux and UNIX, I love a minimal and stable solution when one is available. The command is a manager that uses GPG encryption to keep your s safe, and it features several system integrations so you can use it seamlessly with your web browser of choice. Install The command is provided by the Store project. You can install it from your software repository or ports collection. For example, on Fedora: $ sudo dnf install On Debian and similar: $ sudo apt install Because the word is common, the name of the package may vary, depending on your distribution and operating system. For example, is available on Slackware and FreeBSD as -store. The command is open source, so the source code is available at git.zx2c4.com/-store. Create a GPG key First, you must have a GPG key to use for encryption. You can use a key you already have, or create a new one just for your store. To create a GPG key, use the gpg command along with the --gen-key option (if you already have a key you want to use for your store, you can skip this step): $ gpg --gen-key Answer the prompts to generate a key. When prompted to provide values for Real name, Email, and Comment, you must provide a response for each one, even though GPG allows you to leave them empty. In my experience, fails to initialize when one of those values is empty. For example, here are my responses for purposes of this article: Real name: Tux Email: [email protected] Comment: My first key This information is combined, in a different order, to create a unique GPG ID. You can see your GPG key ID at any time: $ gpg --list-secret-keys | grep uid uid: Tux (My first key) [email protected] Other than that, it's safe to accept the default and recommended options for each prompt. In the end, you have a GPG key to serve as the master key for your store. You must keep this key safe. Back it up, keep a copy of your GPG keyring on a secure device. Should you lose this key, you lose access to your store. Initialize a store Next, you must initialize a store on your system. When you do, you create a hidden directory where your s are stored, and you define which GPG key to use to encrypt s. To initialize a store, use the init command along with your unique GPG key ID. Using my example key: $ init "Tux (My first key) <[email protected]>" You can define more than one GPG key to use with your store, should you intend to share s with another or on another system using a different GPG key. Add and edit s To add a to your store, use the insert command followed by the URL (or any string) you want to keep. $ insert example.org Enter the at the prompt, and then again to confirm. Most websites require more than just a , and so can manage additional data, like name, email, and any other field. To add extra data to a file, use edit followed by the URL or string you saved the as: $ edit example.org The first line of a file must be the itself. After that first line, however, you can add any additional data you want, in the format of the field name followed by a colon and then the value. For example, to save tux as the value of the name field on a website: myFake123 name: tux Some websites use an email address instead of a name: myFake123 email: [email protected] A file can contain any data you want, so you can also add important notes or one-time recovery codes, and anything else you might find useful: myFake;_;123 email: [email protected] recovery email: [email protected] recovery code: 03a5-1992-ee12-238c note: This is your personal , use company SSO at work List s To see all s in your store: $ list Store ├── example.com ├── example.org You can also search your store: $ find bandcamp Search : bandcamp └── www.bandcamp.com Integrating your store Your store is perfectly usable from a terminal, but that's not the only way to use it. Using extensions, you can use as your web browser's manager. There are several different applications that provide a bridge between and your browser. Most are listed in the CompatibleClients section of store.org. I use FF, which provides a Firefox extension. For browsers based on Chromium, you can use Browser with the Browser extension. In both cases, the browser extension requires a "host application", or a background bridge service to allow your browser to access the encrypted data in your store. For FF, the install script: $ wget https://codeberg.org/FF/ff-host/releases//latest/install_host_app.sh Review the script to confirm that it's just installing the host application, and then run it: $ bash ./install_host_app.sh firefox Python 3 executable located at /usr/bin/python3 executable located at /usr/bin/ Installing Firefox host config Native messaging host for Firefox has been installed to /home/tux/.mozilla/native-messaging-hosts. Install the browser extension, and then restart your browser. When you navigate to a URL with an file in your store, a icon appears in the relevant fields. Click the icon to complete the form. Alternately, a icon appears in your browser's extension tray, providing a menu for direct interaction with many functions (such as copying data directly to your system clipboard, or auto-filling only a specific field, and so on.) management like UNIX The command is extensible, and there are some great add-ons for it. Here are some of my favourites: -otp: Add one-time (OTP) functionality. -update: Add an easy workflow for updating s that you frequently change. -import: Import s from chrome, 1, bitwarden, apple-keychain, gnome-keyring, kee, last, and many more (including itself, in the event you want to migrate a store). The command and the store system is a comfortably UNIX-like management solution. It stores your s as text files in a format that doesn't even require you to have installed for access. As long as you have your GPG key, you can access and use the data in your store. You own your data not only in the sense that it's local, but you have ownership of how you interact with it. You can sync your stores between different machines using rsync or syncthing, or even backup the store to cloud storage. It's encrypted, and only you have the key. Provide on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. Research Tools Harvard Referencing - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parenthetical_referencing#Author%E2%80%93date_(Harvard_referencing) Google Notebook LM - https://notebooklm.google/ Google Scholar - https://scholar.google.co.uk/ Connected Papers - https://www.connectedpapers.com/ Zotero - https://www.zotero.org/ Databases SQL Databases - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database NoSQL Databases - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NoSQL Graph Databases - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_database Misc Borland Graphics Interface - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borland_Graphics_Interface Hough Transform - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hough_transform Joplin - https://joplinapp.org/ Provide on this episode.